If you don't have a copy of the original specs for the C-54 exhaust systems, there are other ways of determining what specific material it is made from. I know you won't want to spend the money to buy your own, but we looked at a couple of portable test units that can be used to check hardness/temper/heat treat and that are also capable of verifying alloy composition, etc. The ones we looked at (to be used for QC in a production environment) ran from $10K to $15K depending on options. Without actually buying such a unit, you might be able to find a commercial metal working or production operation or a professional QC/testing/calibration lab in your area that has or has access to such a portable tester. Given your organization and its mission, they might even volunteer to help you out - i.e. not charge you for their service, especially if you go to them and just take a sample or two of the old exhaust pieces with you.
If you don't know or can't think of such an operation in your area, a local professional QC/testing/calibration lab like I mentioned earlier might be able to put you in touch with someone appropriate. Stork (
http://www.storksmt.com/) and J. A. King (
http://www.jaking.com/) are two such QC/calibration labs in my area. They may have affiliates in yours as well.
Best of luck!