First off, welcome aboard!
Second off, WHOA NELLY. That is equal parts incredibly awesome, and a real head scratcher. The tan surface is, at least to my eyes, a dead match for the "Hairyokushoku" finish applied to early A6M Zeroes. If memory serves, a lot of Aichi D3A Vals carried this color in 1941 and early 1942 too... there were probably other aircraft which carried this shade as well, but it seems this warm yellow-grey tone was a Navy color rather than an Army one. So that's possibly one lead.
The head scratching part shows up on the other side... is that black, or a very dark green? Or is it blue-black? I can't quite make heads or tails of it, and can't think of an IJN aircraft which would have carried this color scheme, unless this is actually a piece from near the cockpit section in which case the darker shade might be an interior color.
Best advice I can give you would be to reach out to Nic Millman who runs the Aviation of Japan blog; he is an absolute expert in Japanese aircraft, particularly with color research, and I'm sure he would love to dig into this further! Here's a link to one of his blog posts discussing the Hairyokushoku finish:
http://www.aviationofjapan.com/2011/12/zero-paint-degradation-schematic-models.htmlThanks for sharing your grandfather's story and this amazing artifact with us, and please keep us posted on what you learn!
Best regards,
Lynn